Rare Medical News

Advertisement

Disease Profile

Coffin-Lowry syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

1-9 / 100 000

3,310-29,790

US Estimated

5,135-46,215

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Neonatal

ICD-10

Q87.0

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

no.svg

Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

no.svg

X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

rnn-xlinkeddominant.svg

X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

no.svg

Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

no.svg

Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

no.svg

Not applicable

no.svg

Other names (AKA)

CLS; Coffin syndrome

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Endocrine Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Summary

Coffin-Lowry syndrome is a genetic condition that affects many parts of the body. The signs and symptoms and severity vary from person to person; however, males are typically more severely affected than females. Signs and symptoms may include distinct facial findings, short stature, microcephaly, kyphoscoliosis, other skeletal abnormalities, stimulus-induced drop episodes, intellectual disability and delayed development. Mutations in the RPS6KA3 gene cause the syndrome. It is inherited in an X-linked dominant fashion. Treatment is symptomatic.[1]

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal diaphysis morphology
Abnormal shape of shaft of long bone
Abnormality of shaft of long bone of the limbs

[ more ]

0000940
Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies
0003312
Abnormality of dental morphology
Abnormality of dental shape
Abnormally shaped teeth
Deformity of teeth
Dental deformity
Dental malformations
Malformed teeth
Misshapen teeth
Misshapened teeth

[ more ]

0006482
Anteverted nares
Nasal tip, upturned
Upturned nasal tip
Upturned nose
Upturned nostrils

[ more ]

0000463
Brachydactyly
Short fingers or toes
0001156
Broad finger
Broad fingers
Wide fingers

[ more ]

0001500
Coarse facial features
Coarse facial appearance
0000280
Craniofacial hyperostosis
Excessive bone growth of the skull and face
0004493
Delayed skeletal maturation
Delayed bone maturation
Delayed skeletal development

[ more ]

0002750
Depressed nasal bridge
Depressed bridge of nose
Flat bridge of nose
Flat nasal bridge
Flat, nasal bridge
Flattened nasal bridge
Low nasal bridge
Low nasal root

[ more ]

0005280
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Epicanthus
Eye folds
Prominent eye folds

[ more ]

0000286
Everted lower lip vermilion
Drooping lower lip
Outward turned lower lip

[ more ]

0000232
Frontal bossing
0002007
Hypertelorism
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes

[ more ]

0000316
Hypodontia
Failure of development of between one and six teeth
0000668
Intellectual disability
Mental deficiency
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation

[ more ]

0001249
Joint hyperflexibility
Joints move beyond expected range of motion
0005692
Kyphosis
Hunched back
Round back

[ more ]

0002808
Large hands
large hand
0001176
Muscular hypotonia
Low or weak muscle tone
0001252
Neurological speech impairment
Speech disorder
Speech impairment
Speech impediment

[ more ]

0002167
Open mouth
Gaped jawed appearance
Gaped mouthed appearance
Slack jawed appearance

[ more ]

0000194
Pectus carinatum
Pigeon chest
0000768
Pectus excavatum
Funnel chest
0000767
Scoliosis
0002650
Severe global developmental delay
0011344
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
Tapered finger
Tapered fingertips
Tapering fingers

[ more ]

0001182
Thick lower lip vermilion
Increased volume of lower lip
Plump lower lip
Prominent lower lip

[ more ]

0000179
Thick nasal alae
0009928
Widely spaced teeth
Wide-spaced teeth
Widely-spaced teeth

[ more ]

0000687
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Feeding difficulties in infancy
0008872
Gait disturbance
Abnormal gait
Abnormal walk
Impaired gait

[ more ]

0001288
High palate
Elevated palate
Increased palatal height

[ more ]

0000218
Hyperconvex fingernails
0001812
Hypoplasia of the maxilla
Decreased size of maxilla
Decreased size of upper jaw
Maxillary deficiency
Maxillary retrusion
Small maxilla
Small upper jaw
Small upper jaw bones
Upper jaw deficiency
Upper jaw retrusion

[ more ]

0000327
Hypoplastic fingernail
Small fingernail
Underdeveloped fingernail

[ more ]

0001804
Microcephaly
Abnormally small skull
Decreased circumference of cranium
Decreased size of skull
Reduced head circumference
Small head circumference

[ more ]

0000252
Narrow iliac wings
0002868
Narrow palate
Narrow roof of mouth
0000189
Pes planus
Flat feet
Flat foot

[ more ]

0001763
Progressive spasticity
0002191
Protruding ear
Prominent ear
Prominent ears

[ more ]

0000411
Pseudoepiphyses of the metacarpals
0009193
Redundant skin
Loose redundant skin
Redundant skin folds
Sagging, redundant skin

[ more ]

0001582
Short distal phalanx of finger
Short outermost finger bone
0009882
Short metacarpal
Shortened long bone of hand
0010049
Ventriculomegaly
0002119
Wide mouth
Broad mouth
Large mouth

[ more ]

0000154
Wide nose
Broad nose
Increased breadth of nose
Increased nasal breadth
Increased nasal width
Increased width of nose

[ more ]

0000445
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal aortic valve morphology

Treatment

No specific treatment for Coffin-Lowry exist. Proper management of patients with CLS, includes surveillance by performing regular hearing, dental, and vision tests; annual heart examinations; and periodic monitoring for kyphoscoliosis. Medications such as valproate, clonzapam or selective serotonin uptake inhibitors might be prescribed for drop episodes. Surgery may be performed for skeletal deformities.[2]

A GeneReviews on Coffin-Lowry syndrome has been published and includes information regarding medical management and surveillance. Click on the link to learn more.

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

In-Depth Information

  • GeneReviews provides current, expert-authored, peer-reviewed, full-text articles describing the application of genetic testing to the diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling of patients with specific inherited conditions.
  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Coffin-Lowry syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

References

  1. Coffin-Lowry syndrome. Genetics Home Reference. January 2008; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=coffinlowrysyndrome. Accessed 4/28/2010.
  2. Pereira PM, Schneider A, Pannetier S, Heron D, Hanauer A. Coffin-Lowry syndrome. European Journal of Human Genetics. 2009;

Rare Medical News