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Disease Profile

Mandibuloacral dysplasia

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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331

US Estimated

514

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Infancy

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ICD-10

Q87.5

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

MAD

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2457

Definition
Mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD) is a rare genetic bone disorder characterized by growth delay, postnatal development of craniofacial anomalies including mandibular hypoplasia, progressive acral osteolysis, mottled or patchy pigmentation, skin atrophy, and partial or generalized lipodystrophy.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of skin pigmentation
Abnormal pigmentation
Abnormal skin color
Abnormal skin pigmentation
Abnormality of pigmentation
Pigmentary changes
Pigmentary skin changes
Pigmentation anomaly

[ more ]

0001000
Contractures of the large joints
0005781
Full cheeks
Apple cheeks
Big cheeks
Increased size of cheeks
Large cheeks

[ more ]

0000293
High palate
Elevated palate
Increased palatal height

[ more ]

0000218
Hyperinsulinemia
0000842
Increased adipose tissue around the neck
Increased fat around the neck
0000468
Lipoatrophy
Loss of fat tissue in localized area
0100578
Loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue in limbs
Loss of fat tissue below the skin in limbs
0003635
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw

[ more ]

0000347
Narrow nose
Decreased nasal breadth
Decreased nasal width
Thin nose

[ more ]

0000460
Thin skin
0000963
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal tongue morphology
0030809
Abnormally large globe
Increased size of eyes
Large eyes

[ more ]

0001090
Acanthosis nigricans
Darkened and thickened skin
0000956
Acroosteolysis of distal phalanges (feet)
0001870
Alopecia
Hair loss
0001596
Delayed cranial suture closure
0000270
Dental crowding
Crowded teeth
Dental overcrowding
Overcrowding of teeth

[ more ]

0000678
Facial shape deformation
0011334
Hypercholesterolemia
Elevated serum cholesterol
Elevated total cholesterol
Increased total cholesterol

[ more ]

0003124
Hypertriglyceridemia
Increased plasma triglycerides
Increased serum triglycerides
Increased triglycerides

[ more ]

0002155
Hypoplasia of teeth
0000685
Hypoplastic fingernail
Small fingernail
Underdeveloped fingernail

[ more ]

0001804
Increased circulating free fatty acid level
0030781
Increased intraabdominal fat
0008993
Increased subcutaneous truncal adipose tissue
Increased fat below the skin in trunk
0009003
Insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus
Insulin resistant diabetes
Insulin-resistant diabetes

[ more ]

0000831
Osteolytic defects of the distal phalanges of the hand
0009839
Postnatal growth retardation
Growth delay as children
0008897
Reduced intrathoracic adipose tissue
0003809
Short clavicles
Short collarbone
0000894
Sparse hair
0008070

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • Genetics Home Reference contains information on Mandibuloacral dysplasia. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.